知识预览

视图

使用混合（mixins）

上一节的视图部分：

from rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom .models import *from django.shortcuts import HttpResponsefrom django.core import serializersfrom rest_framework import serializersclass BookSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):      class Meta:          model=Book          fields="__all__"          #depth=1class PublshSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):      class Meta:          model=Publish          fields="__all__"          depth=1class BookViewSet(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        book_list=Book.objects.all()        bs=BookSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={
      'request': request})        return Response(bs.data)    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        print(request.data)        bs=BookSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)        if bs.is_valid():            print(bs.validated_data)            bs.save()            return Response(bs.data)        else:            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)class BookDetailViewSet(APIView):    def get(self,request,pk):        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,context={
      'request': request})        return Response(bs.data)    def put(self,request,pk):        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,data=request.data,context={
      'request': request})        if bs.is_valid():            bs.save()            return Response(bs.data)        else:            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)class PublishViewSet(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        publish_list=Publish.objects.all()        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_list,many=True,context={
      'request': request})        return Response(bs.data)    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        bs=PublshSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)        if bs.is_valid():            # print(bs.validated_data)            bs.save()            return Response(bs.data)        else:            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)class PublishDetailViewSet(APIView):    def get(self,request,pk):        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,context={
      'request': request})        return Response(bs.data)    def put(self,request,pk):        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,data=request.data,context={
      'request': request})        if bs.is_valid():            bs.save()            return Response(bs.data)        else:            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)

通过使用mixin类编写视图：

from rest_framework import mixinsfrom rest_framework import genericsclass BookViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin,                  mixins.CreateModelMixin,                  generics.GenericAPIView):    queryset = Book.objects.all()    serializer_class = BookSerializers    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)class BookDetailViewSet(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,                    mixins.UpdateModelMixin,                    mixins.DestroyModelMixin,                    generics.GenericAPIView):    queryset = Book.objects.all()    serializer_class = BookSerializers    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

使用通用的基于类的视图

通过使用mixin类，我们使用更少的代码重写了这些视图，但我们还可以再进一步。REST框架提供了一组已经混合好（mixed-in）的通用视图，我们可以使用它来简化我们的views.py模块。

from rest_framework import mixinsfrom rest_framework import genericsclass BookViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):    queryset = Book.objects.all()    serializer_class = BookSerializersclass BookDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):    queryset = Book.objects.all()    serializer_class = BookSerializersclass PublishViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):    queryset = Publish.objects.all()    serializer_class = PublshSerializersclass PublishDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):    queryset = Publish.objects.all()    serializer_class = PublshSerializers